Audio Visual - The Vikings

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<div align="center"><center></center></div> <div align="center"><center> <table bgcolor="#c0c0c0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="1" border="0" style="text-align: center; width: 100%;"> <tbody> <tr> <td align="left" valign="middle"><a href="http://www.thevasaorder.com/">Home</a></td> <td align="left" valign="middle">          <a href="http://www.thevasaorder.com/directory">Lodge Directory</a></td> <td align="center" valign="middle"><a href="http://www.thevasaorder.com/scandinavian_link">Links</a> </td> <td align="center" valign="middle">     <a href="http://www.thevasaorder.com/membership">Membership</a></td> <td align="center" valign="middle"><a href="http://www.thevasaorder.com/vasa_activities">Activities</a>           <a href="http://www.thevasaorder.com/members_only2">Members Only</a></td> <td align="right" valign="middle"><a href="http://www.thevasaorder.com/about_the_vasa_order">About the Vasa Order of America</a><big style="background-color: #c0c0c0; font-family: Georgia; color: #3333ff; ">           <a href="http://www.thevasaorder.com/audio_visual">Audio Visual Material</a>  </big> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table border="0" style="width: 768px;"> <center></center> <tbody> </tbody> </table> </center></div>  <div align="center"><center></center><center></center><center> </center><center>  </center><center></center><center>  </center><center> </center><center></center></div> <table align="left" border="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td>  "We Were The Vikings" <object data="http://video.google.com/googleplayer.swf?docid=5540653740537148834&autoplay=1;hl=en&fs=true" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="100" height="100" id="VideoPlayback" style="width: 380px; height: 275px;"> <param name="src" value="http://video.google.com/googleplayer.swf?docid=5540653740537148834&autoplay=1;hl=en&fs=true" /> <param name="allowfullscreen" value="true" /> </object> </td> <td><form action="URI">               </form></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table border="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td><form action="URI">          Vikings had many faces and explored many places. ENTER BELOW                 <select name="lissamenu3" onchange="location.href=(form.lissamenu3.options[form.lissamenu3.selectedIndex].value)" style="font-family: georgia; background: #dc143c; color: #0000080; font-size: 15px; border: outset;"> <option value="0">Ancient Warriors Myths and Legions</option><option value="http://www.thevasaorder.com/audio_visual"></option><option value="http://www.thevasaorder.com/thevikings">"We Were The Vikings" (Start Here)</option><option value="http://www.thevasaorder.com/vikingships">Viking Longship</option><option value="http://www.thevasaorder.com/anglosaxons">Anglo Saxons</option><option value="http://www.thevasaorder.com/celt">Celts</option><option value="http://www.thevasaorder.com/picts2">Picts</option><option value="http://www.thevasaorder.com/germanictribes">Germanic Tribes</option><option value="http://www.thevasaorder.com/pagans2">Pegans</option><option value="http://www.thevasaorder.com/stoneage">Stone Age</option><option value="http://www.thevasaorder.com/runes2">Write your name in Runes</option><option value="http://www.thevasaorder.com/audio_visual">*************************</option></select> <---Navigation </form></td> <td> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table>FalsePublicTrue

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<table align="center" border="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td>                     </td> <td> Twelve thousand years ago, human beings slowly made their way into northwestern Europe, hunting the animals and gathering the plants that began to occupy lands left bare by the melting glaciers of the last ice age. For the next twelve millennia, the land and the surrounding sea in what is now called Scandinavia would shape a people who would eventually become known as the Vikings. This is a brief explanation of who they were. The word "Vikings" has been used to identify all the people who lived in Norway, Denmark, and Sweden in early medieval times. They earned the name "Vikings", and the bad reputation that went with it, because in old Norse, the word Viking meant "pirate", are ference to their raiding and pillaging of settlements across Europe at the turn of the ninth century. The period from the earliest recorded raids in the 790s until the Norman Conquest of England in 1066 is commonly known as the Viking Age of Scandinavian History. The Normans, however, were descended from Danes, rally meaning Norwegian person in the Norwegian language), Orkney, Hiberno-Norse, and Danelaw Vikings who were given feudal overlordship of areas in northern France — the Duchy of Normandy — in the 8th century. In that respect, the Vikings continued to have an influence in northern Europe. Likewise, King Harold Godwinson, the last Anglo-Saxon king of England who was killed during the Norman invasion in 1066, was descended from Danish Vikings. Many of the medieval kings of Norway and Denmark were married to English and Scottish royalty and Viking forces were often a factor in dynastic disputes prior to 1066. Geographically, a "Viking Age" may be assigned not only to Scandinavian lands (modern Denmark, Norway and Sweden), but also to territories under North Germanic dominance, mainly the Danelaw, which replaced the powerful English kingdom of Northumbria and the Isle of Man. Viking navigators opened the road to new lands to the north, west and east, resulting in the foundation of independent kingdoms in the Shetland, Orkney, and Faroe Islands, Iceland, Greenland, and L'Anse aux Meadows, a short-lived settlement in Newfoundland, circa 1000 A.D. Many of these lands, specifically Greenland and Iceland, were likely discovered by sailors blown off course. Greenland was later abandoned because its few "green" spots disappeared due to climate change. Vikings also seized and destroyed many villages and territories in Slavic-dominated areas of Eastern Europe. The Persian traveler Ibn Rustah described how Swedish Vikings, the Rus, terrorized and enslaved the Slavs. From 839, Varangian mercenaries in the service of the Byzantine Empire, notably Harald Hardrada, campaigned in North Africa, Jerusalem, and other places in the Middle East. Important trading ports during the period include Birka, Hedeby, Kaupang, Jorvik, Staraya Ladoga, Novgorod and Kiev. There is archaeological evidence (coins) that the Vikings reached the city of Baghdad, the center of the Islamic Empire and their considerable intellectual endeavors.In 921, Ibn Fadlan was sent as emissary on behalf of the Caliph of Baghdad to the iltäbär (vassal-king under the Khazars) of the Volga Bulgaria, Almış. The Bolgar King had petitioned to the Caliph to establish relations. He had asked to have someone come to teach him Arabic and the Qu'ran and pledge allegiance to Hanafi rite of the Sunni Muslims. The Caliph promised to send money to build a fort on the Volga, but the transaction never occurred. The Norse regularly plied the Volga with their trade goods: furs, tusks, seal fat to seal boats and slaves (notably female slaves; this was the one time in the history of the slave-trade when females were priced higher than males). However, they were far less successful in establishing settlements in the Middle East, due to the more centralized Islamic power, namely of the Umayyad and, later, Abbasid empires. Generally speaking, the Norwegians expanded to the north and west to places such as Iceland and Greenland, the Danes to England and France, settling in the Danelaw (northern England) and Normandy, and the Swedes to the east. These nations, although distinct, were similar in culture, especially language. The names of Scandinavian kings are known only for the later part of the Viking Age, and only after the end of the Viking Age did the separate kingdoms acquire a distinct identity as nations, which went hand in hand with their Roman Catholicization. Thus the end of the Viking Age for the Scandinavians also marks the start of their relatively brief Middle Ages.  <img height="217" width="216" src="http://s3.amazonaws.com/webjam-upload/pic1___fe176e2bc1b84d57bf222152ffb176d3(216x192)__18__.jpg" align="left" vspace="8" alt="pic[1]" hspace="8" border="0" />Erikson was an Icelandic explorer, probably the first European visitor to North America, 500 years before Christopher Columbus. Leif Erikson (also spelled Ericsson, or Eiriksson) was the second of three sons of Erik the Red, who established a settlement in Greenland after he was exiled from Iceland. Leif Erikson's story was recorded in several different sagas, but the accounts they give are so different it is impossible to be certain of the details of his life. He is thought to have visited Norway in around 1000 where he was converted to Christianity by King Olaf I, who sent him back to Greenland to convert the settlers there. In one story, on his voyage to Greenland, he sailed off-course and arrived in a place he called 'Vinland', because of the abundant grapes growing there, and the general fertility of the land. In another - the Groenlendinga saga - he heard of a land in the west from an Icelandic trader, and went to find it. The precise identity of Vinland remains uncertain, with various locations on the North American coast identified. In 1963 archaeologists found ruins of a Viking-type settlement at L'Anse aux Meadows, in northern Newfoundland, which correspond to Leif's description of Vinland  . </td> <td>                     </td> </tr> </tbody> </table>FalsePublicTrue

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<table align="center" border="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td>  </td> <td></td> <td style="text-align: justify;"> <object id="Player_a5728fa5-66d6-4afa-8683-608e9cadac6e" data="http://ws.amazon.com/widgets/q?ServiceVersion=20070822&MarketPlace=US&ID=V20070822%2FUS%2Fnc0c8-20%2F8003%2Fa5728fa5-66d6-4afa-8683-608e9cadac6e&Operation=GetDisplayTemplate" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="240" height="345"> <param name="quality" value="high" /> <param name="bgcolor" value="#FFFFFF" /> <param name="allowscriptaccess" value="always" /> <param name="src" value="http://ws.amazon.com/widgets/q?ServiceVersion=20070822&MarketPlace=US&ID=V20070822%2FUS%2Fnc0c8-20%2F8003%2Fa5728fa5-66d6-4afa-8683-608e9cadac6e&Operation=GetDisplayTemplate" /> <param name="name" value="Player_a5728fa5-66d6-4afa-8683-608e9cadac6e" /> <param name="align" value="middle" /> </object>                                <noscript></noscript> During the Viking Age, from A.D. 750-1050, Viking influence covered a huge expanse, reaching from the Caspian Sea in the east and the Mediterranean in the south, throughout Northern Europe, across the Atlantic, and touched the homelands of diverse native groups in Eastern North America.</td> <td>                             <iframe width="853" frameborder="0" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/videoseries?list=PLD7A467E9EA47FA9D&hl=en_US" height="480"></iframe></td> <td></td> <td>                                            </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table border="0" style="text-align: left;"> <tbody> <tr> <td> <div style="text-align: center">        </div> </td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>                                                             <table border="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td>                                <object data="http://www.youtube.com/p/BA03AEC6A9B3A1AC&hl=en&fs=1" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="620" height="500"> <param name="src" value="http://www.youtube.com/p/BA03AEC6A9B3A1AC&hl=en&fs=1" /> <param name="allowfullscreen" value="true" /> <param name="allowscriptaccess" value="always" /> </object>                                                                       </td> <td>                      <object id="Player_6e4dffcb-08ee-46e8-8816-cbf006f64d24" data="http://ws.amazon.com/widgets/q?ServiceVersion=20070822&MarketPlace=US&ID=V20070822%2FUS%2Fnc0c8-20%2F8003%2F6e4dffcb-08ee-46e8-8816-cbf006f64d24&Operation=GetDisplayTemplate" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="240" height="345"> <param name="quality" value="high" /> <param name="bgcolor" value="#FFFFFF" /> <param name="allowscriptaccess" value="always" /> <param name="src" value="http://ws.amazon.com/widgets/q?ServiceVersion=20070822&MarketPlace=US&ID=V20070822%2FUS%2Fnc0c8-20%2F8003%2F6e4dffcb-08ee-46e8-8816-cbf006f64d24&Operation=GetDisplayTemplate" /> <param name="name" value="Player_6e4dffcb-08ee-46e8-8816-cbf006f64d24" /> <param name="align" value="middle" /> </object> In addition to being the fierce warriors of popular stereotype, Vikings were master craftsman, shrewd businessman, and fearless explorers. Their activities stimulated political changes in Europe and Russia; created lasting new societies in Iceland and Greenland; and led to the discovery of North America 500 years before Columbus. </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </td> <td style="text-align: justify;">                              </td> </tr> </tbody> </table>FalsePublicTrue

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